चिकू

• The larvae attack immature fruits. difficult to distinguish betn infected and uninfected fruits before emergence.

• Affected fruits show tiny exit holes. During tunneling, the larva drags out the excreta from the seed to the pulp.

• The larvae emerge from the seeds after feeding on the cotyledons completely and prior to ripening of the fruit.

• On exit, the larva cuts a leaf and folds it to make a fine shell-like structure within which it pupates.

• Spraying of profenophos 0.04% or Lambdacylothrin 0.025% or deltamethrin 10 ml/10 lits of water.

• Use of Beauvaria bassiana in soil

• Spray G Agro Beauveria 5gm/lit + G Agro Metarohizium 5ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval.

• Webbed flowers and buds.

• Shedding of buds and flowers.

• Bore holes and excreta seen on attacked flowers.

• Spray phosalone 35 EC 2 ml/lit or phosphamidon 40 SL 2 ml/lit.

• Application of neem oil 2% or neem seed kernel extract 5 %.

• Spray G Agro Beauveria 5gm/lit + G Agro Metarohizium 5ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval.

• Maggot bore into semi-ripen fruits with decayed spots and dropping of fruits.

• Oozing of fluid.

• Brownish rotten patches on fruits.

• Monitor the activity of flies with methyl eugenol sex lure traps.

• Use bait spray combining any one of the insecticides and molasses or jaggery 10 g/l, fenthion 100EC 1ml/l, malathion 50EC 2 ml/l, dimethoate 30 EC 1 ml/l, carbaryl 50 WP 4 g/l.

• two rounds at 2 weeks interval before ripening of fruits.

• Prepare bait with methyl eugenol 1% solution mixed with malathion 0.1%.

• Take 10 ml of this mixture per trap and keep them in 25 different places in one hectare.

• Spray fenthion 100 EC 2 ml/ lit or malathion 50 EC 2ml/lit.

• Field release of natural enemies Opius compensates and Spalangia philippines.

• Spray G Agro Beauveria 5gm/lit + G Agro Metarohizium 5ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval.

• Presence of small holes at the collar region.

• Gummosis.

• Extrusion of frass through the bore holes at the collar region.

• Yellowing and shedding of leaves.

• Drying up of twigs and gradual death of the tree.

Management:

• Collect and destroy the damaged plants.

• Field sanitation.

Chemical:

• Swab Coal tar + Kerosene @ 1:2 or Carbaryl 50 WP 20 g / l on the basal portion of the trunk ( 3 feet height).

• Padding with dimethoate 10 ml in 2.5 cm /tree soaked in absorbent cotton.

• If infestations are severe then apply the copper oxychloride paste on the trunk of the tree.

• Hook out the grub from the bore hole and apply chlorpyriphos 10 to 20 ml/ hole .      (or)

• One celphos tablet (3 g aluminum phosphide) per hole.

• Apply carbofuran 3G 5 g per hole and plug with mud.

• Spray G Agro Beauveria 5gm/lit + G Agro Metarohizium 5ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval.

• Yellowish brown with black spots and long lateral tufts of hairs.

• Caterpillars feed on leaves Defoliation.

• Spray chlorpyriphos 20EC or phosalone 2 ml/l.

• Spraying of cypermethrin 0.025%.

• Dusting carbaryl 10 D on the trunk and branches (around the tree 4 feet).

• Field release of chalcidid wasp, Brachymeria sp.

• Spray G Agro Beauveria 5gm/lit + G Agro Metarohizium 5ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval.

• Presence of white mealy mass on the terminal shoots and under surface of the leaves.

• Yellowing of older leaves.

Management:

• Burning the groups of larvae found on tree trunks with torches.

Chemical:

• Spray methyl demeton 25 EC@ 0.05%or dimethoate 30 EC @ 0.06%.

• Field release of Cryptoleamus montrouzieri 20 per tree.

• Spray G Agro Lecanicillium 5gm/lit + G Agro Metarohizium 5ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval.

• Nymph: Pale lemon yellow.

• Nymphs and adults suck the sap from leaves.

• Yellowing of leaves

• Prune and destroy the infested shoots at initial stage of infestation.

• Spray chlorpyriphos 2ml/lit or phenthoate 1ml/lit.

• After two weeks release 20 predator beetles viz., Cryptolemus montrouzieri  beetle per tree.

• Encourage parasitoids viz., Aneristis sp Coccophgagus cowperi, C. bogoriensis

• Spray G Agro Beauveria 5gm/lit + G Agro Metarohizium 5ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval.