Nutrients
| Crop Stage Images |  |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period of Doses | Pre-sowing Doses | Sowing | Vegetative | |
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Nutrients (Kg/ha) |
FYM | 4-5 ton | – | – |
| N | – | 12 | 12 | |
| P | – | 16 | – | |
| K | – | 8 | – | |
Deficiency of Nutrients:
| Nutrients | Manganese (Mn) |
|---|---|
| Nutrients Deficiency |  |
| Deficiency Symptoms | 1. Manganese deficiency leads to severe chlorosis in plants. |
Common Pests
Downy MildewCercospora Leaf SpotAnthracnoseDamping-Off & Root RotWhite Rust
| Images Of Disease: |  |
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|---|---|---|
| Damage Stage: | The initial stage : Dull to bright yellow spots that form on cotyledons and leaves of all ages.
The late stage : Enlarged spots and become browning and dry. Close inspection of the underside of the leaf often reveals the purple growth of the fungus. |
|
Management (Pest Control):
| Chemical: | Application of appropriate fungicides can help to protect the plant if applied before infection begins. |
|---|---|
| Organic: | Spray G Agro Tricho + G Agro Pseudo + G Agro Bacillus 5 ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval. |
| Images Of Disease: |  |
|---|---|
| Damage Stage: | Beticola survives between crop cycles in residues from infected crops (as sclerotia), in weed hosts, and on seed. It can survive in the soil for up to two years.
High levels of disease can result from just a few infected plants since each lesion produces numerous conidia. |
Management (Pest Control):
| Chemical: | Use protectant fungicides as a preventive treatment, prior to infection and symptom development. Pathogen populations resistant to sterol demethylation. |
|---|---|
| Organic: | Spray G Agro Tricho + G Agro Pseudo + G Agro Bacillus 5 ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval. |
| Images Of Disease: |  |
|---|---|
| Damage Stage: | Small water-soaked spots on leaves which enlarge and turn tan or brown in color with a papery texture; if infection is severe, lesions may coalesce and cause severe blighting Cause. |
Management (Pest Control):
| Chemical: | Copper fungicides are sometimes used in the case of an epidemic but are largely ineffective at controlling the disease. |
|---|---|
| Organic: | Spray G Agro Tricho + G Agro Pseudo + G Agro Bacillus 5 ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval. |
| Images Of Disease: |  |
|---|---|
| Damage Stage: | Poor germination rate of seeds; death of newly emerged seedlings; stunted, yellow plants, particularly lower leaves; poor growth, wilting and collapse of older plants; roots may be water-soaked and discolored brown or black; necrotic lesions may girdle tap roots. |
Management (Pest Control):
| Chemical: | Use seed that has been treated with fungicide; avoid planting spinach successively in the same location. |
|---|---|
| Organic: | Spray G Agro Tricho + G Agro Pseudo + G Agro Bacillus 5 ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval. |
| Images Of Disease: |  |
|---|---|
| Damage Stage: |
Yellow spots on upper side of leaves; clusters of white, blister-like pustules on underside of leaves which may spread to upper leaf surfaces in advanced stages of infection; infected plants show a loss of vigor and collapse if conditions are favorable to rapid disease development. |
Management (Pest Control):
| Chemical: | Some spinach varieties are more tolerant of the disease than others; where protective fungicide applications are used, appropriate cultural control methods should also be utilized to reduce the risk of the pathogen developing tolerance to fungicide. |
|---|---|
| Organic: | Spray G Agro Tricho + G Agro Pseudo + G Agro Bacillus 5 ml/lit 2 to 3 spray at 21 days interval. |
Crop Selection
| Seed Variety | Characteristics | Crop Duration (Days) |
Crop Yield (t/ha) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tyee | 1. (F1 Hybrid, resistant to Downey Mildew races 1 and 3) is a semi-savoy variety with vigorous, upright growth, dark green leaves, and great bolt-resistance. 2. Can be grown all year in mild-winter areas. |
45 | 10 |
| Catalina | (F1 Hybrid) has thick, succulent, spear-shaped leaves and moderate bolt resistance. | 48 | 12 |
| Teton | (F1 Hybrid, resistant to races 1-4 of Downey Mildew) is 3-season semi-savoy spinach with deep green oval leaves on upright plants. Very slow to bolt. | 40-45 | 10 |
| Indian Summer | 1. (F1 Hybrid, is a fine, productive, 3-season spinach for spring, summer, and fall production. 2. Flattened, semi-savoy leaves are almost like smooth leaf spinach. Very slow to bolt. |
40-45 | 10 |
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